Why do computers primarily use binary code?

Computers primarily use binary code because computer hardware operates using two distinct states, which can be easily represented as 'on' and 'off'. This binary system corresponds perfectly to the physical state of electronic components in computers, such as transistors, which can either conduct electricity or not. Therefore, these two states can be represented as the digits '1' (on) and '0' (off).

This straightforward binary approach enables computers to perform complex computations and store information efficiently. Because everything from calculations to data storage can be broken down into these two states, binary code serves as the foundational language of computing. Other systems may exist, but binary is uniquely suited to the fundamental functioning of computer hardware.