What is the primary function of a router in a network?

The primary function of a router in a network is to direct data packets between networks. Routers serve as intermediary devices that analyze the destination of data packets and determine the optimal path for them to reach their intended destinations. This process involves examining the network addresses contained in each packet and using routing tables to make decisions about forwarding the packets to the appropriate next hop, which can be another router or the final destination device.

While routers may perform other functions, such as connecting different types of networks, their core purpose is to ensure efficient data transfer across network boundaries. They enable communication between devices on disparate networks by facilitating the movement of data from one network to another, thereby playing a crucial role in the overall infrastructure of the internet and local networks.