What is the main difference between RAM and ROM?

The main difference between RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory) lies in their volatility and purpose of use. RAM is classified as volatile memory, meaning that it loses its data when the power is turned off. This type of memory is used for temporary storage while a computer is running, allowing for quick read and write access to data that the CPU needs to process. As a result, RAM can change frequently, accommodating the active tasks and applications running on the device.

On the other hand, ROM is non-volatile memory, which retains its data even when power is removed. ROM is typically used to store firmware or software that is seldom changed, like the BIOS of a computer, which is essential for booting up the system. Because of its permanent nature, ROM does not change, making it suitable for storing critical instructions that need to remain intact across reboots.

This understanding of RAM as volatile and changing, while ROM is permanent, highlights the distinct roles these two types of memory play in a computer system.