What is a key feature of a microcontroller?

A microcontroller is designed as a compact integrated circuit that embeds various components essential for processing tasks directly on a single chip. The key feature of a microcontroller is that it combines a central processing unit (CPU), memory (both RAM and ROM), and input/output (I/O) ports within one chip. This integration allows microcontrollers to perform tasks while consuming less space and power, making them ideal for embedded systems in devices like appliances, robots, and automotive systems.

The other options do not accurately represent key features of microcontrollers. While some microcontrollers can indeed be used for gaming applications, they are not exclusively designed for that purpose. Additionally, microcontrollers typically require an external power supply, such as from a battery or power adapter, rather than operating without any external power. Finally, while some microcontrollers support a variety of programming languages, they do not natively support multiple programming languages; the choice of language often depends on the specific development environment and tools used.