What does Moore's Law state about transistors on microchips?

Moore's Law specifically refers to the observation made by Gordon Moore in 1965 that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles approximately every two years. This doubling leads to a corresponding increase in processing power and efficiency, while often resulting in smaller physical sizes of chips and reduced cost per transistor. The consistent doubling of transistor count has significant implications for the advancements in technology, allowing for more complex and powerful computing devices over time.

The other options do not accurately reflect the essence of Moore's Law. While the size of transistors has decreased over the years, the key point of the law is the doubling of their number rather than just a decrease in size. The idea that transistors become more expensive contradicts the general trend observed, where increased production and advancements in technology have historically driven costs down. Lastly, stating that the number of transistors remains constant directly opposes the core idea of Moore's Law, which emphasizes the significant growth in transistor counts that has fueled technological progress.