How does volatile memory (like RAM) differ from non-volatile memory?

Volatile memory, such as RAM, requires a continuous power supply to maintain its data. When the power is turned off, all data stored in volatile memory is lost. This characteristic makes volatile memory suitable for tasks that require quick access to data that is frequently updated, like running applications.

Non-volatile memory, on the other hand, retains its data even when powered off. This ability is essential for storing long-term data, such as files on a hard drive or firmware in flash storage. The clarity of the distinction between these two types of memory lies in their power dependence; volatile memory is temporary and transient, while non-volatile memory provides permanent storage.

Understanding this fundamental difference highlights why volatile memory is often used for active processes in a computer system, allowing for speed and efficiency, while non-volatile memory is relied upon for data that needs to persist beyond a single session of computer activity.