How does a switch differ from a hub in a network?

A switch operates by intelligently directing network traffic, sending data only to the specific device that needs it, rather than broadcasting the data to all devices on the network. This targeted approach enhances network efficiency and reduces unnecessary traffic, enabling faster and more effective communication between connected devices.

In a network using a switch, each connected device can communicate with one another directly through the switch, which maintains a MAC address table to keep track of which devices are connected to which ports. This means that data packets are only sent to the device that the packets are intended for, rather than being sent to all devices indiscriminately, as would occur with a hub.

This distinction is crucial for performance, particularly in larger networks, where the reduction in unnecessary data traffic can significantly lower network congestion and enhance overall responsiveness. The efficiency of switches makes them a preferred choice in modern networking environments.