How did early computers differ from modern ones in terms of size and speed?

Early computers were indeed larger and slower than modern ones. The very first computers, such as the ENIAC or UNIVAC, occupied entire rooms and required extensive infrastructure, including cooling systems due to their heat output. These machines were built using vacuum tubes, which contributed to their size and led to slower processing speeds compared to the modern transistors found in contemporary computers.

In contrast, modern computers utilize advanced microprocessors and integrated circuits, enabling them to perform billions of calculations per second while fitting in much smaller physical spaces, such as desktops, laptops, and even mobile devices. This dramatic evolution in technology has not only improved speed significantly but has also made computers accessible to a wider audience due to their smaller form factors and greater efficiency. Therefore, the distinction between early and modern computers regarding size and speed is profound, making this answer the most accurate.